Level 46
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African and Latin American Philosophy

Caribbean and Afro-Latin Philosophy

The philosophy of creolization, negritude, and racial identity that emerged from the Caribbean's colonial and plantation history, from the poetics of Négritude to Fanon's theory of colonial violence, Glissant's relational thought, and the Afro-diasporic religious worldviews of Santería and Candomblé.

60-Second Review

Express review

A condensed, point-by-point summary of the module, for reviewing right before a test or exam.

  1. Négritude: Césaire, Senghor, and the Affirmation of Black Identity. Négritude, forged in 1930s Paris, affirmed Black culture and identity against colonial denial.
  2. Frantz Fanon on Colonial Violence and Black Consciousness. Fanon analyzed colonialism's psychic wounds and defended anticolonial violence as reclaimed agency.
  3. Édouard Glissant and the Poetics of Relation. Glissant theorized Caribbean identity as rhizomatic relation and opacity rather than fixed roots.
  4. C.L.R. James and Caribbean Marxism. James fused Marxism, Pan-Africanism, and Caribbean history in a distinctive theory of self-emancipation.
  5. Sylvia Wynter's Critique of the Human. Wynter argues "Man" is one historical genre of the human, not humanity's only possible mode.
  6. Creolization and Hybridity as Philosophical Categories. Creolization theorizes cultural mixture in the plantation Caribbean as generative, not merely derivative.
  7. Afro-Latin Religious Philosophy: Santería and Candomblé Worldviews. Santería and Candomblé preserve Yoruba-derived cosmologies as living philosophical and ethical systems.
  8. Caribbean Philosophy's Dialogue with Postcolonial Theory. Caribbean thought both shaped and diverges from postcolonial theory's Anglo-South-Asian center of gravity.

This module continues after "Indigenous American Philosophical Traditions" in the syllabus. If you haven't reviewed it yet, it may help set the context.

Key points

Visual module map

1Négritude: Césaire, Senghor, and the Affirmation of Black Identity
2Édouard Glissant and the Poetics of Relation
3Sylvia Wynter's Critique of the Human
4Creolization and Hybridity as Philosophical Categories
5Caribbean Philosophy's Dialogue with Postcolonial Theory

Alternative visual view: a simplified sequence of some of the module's key points, in their order within the syllabus.

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Final test

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Optional mini-games

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Review Flashcards

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Memory

Match each concept with its definition in as few attempts as possible.

Time Attack

Answer true or false statements before time runs out.

Chronological Order

Put the module's key points back in their original order.

Further reading

Bibliography and cited sources used to create this module.

  • Fanon, F. (1952). Peau noire, masques blancs [Black Skin, White Masks]. Paris: Éditions du Seuil.
  • Fanon, F. (1961). Les Damnés de la terre [The Wretched of the Earth]. Paris: François Maspero.
  • James, C.L.R. (1938). The Black Jacobins: Toussaint L'Ouverture and the San Domingo Revolution. London: Secker and Warburg.
  • Glissant, É. (1990). Poétique de la Relation [Poetics of Relation]. Paris: Éditions Gallimard.
  • Wynter, S. (2003). "Unsettling the Coloniality of Being/Power/Truth/Freedom: Towards the Human, After Man, Its Overrepresentation—An Argument." CR: The New Centennial Review, 3(3), 257–337.
  • Bastide, R. (1960). Les religions africaines au Brésil [The African Religions of Brazil]. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France.